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yzf Wy{ ~l rzp YzzY

p ~~ ~z t~p cpr R[xp Yl Yy
rY}x cx[jx Yy [p xpp Yyf pxYl{x zt npp - ~l xx
Yw ryr lplyf ~popxp pK lpY
yl vnvtjhyf yz[p lMcpxY

p  n| u} Rop |{ nzx Yzr vaMx ap x vl {l cprlvp f tno rv{Y rpvp - bxyrx - ~nl ~z{, Yy, ~l Wcr vp{yp ~v[. bxyrx - yp oMvzY

WY~l cY rY}x Ry{z p{ll vo l rop r{l v{p vlY{ t{f rl{ Rl. r~[x ~x n pxYl{ [f{ rtq{ o  Wcrx l ~{p Rxy nYpf z. WY~l cY rY} xc pxY Yy cx~x vlf Wcr pxYl{x zt v ~q Ry ~fp K {p f yjlvY  J. Wcrx r~~Yyj{ rz r~[x ~x vz ~f prl v{p A ~q [lxl xvM[ rtq{ ~YDb r{l{. Wv rz ~ yx ~{x Wcr xc pxY Yy cx~x vl[ {~x. Tf r~ p n X{ cx~x vl[ {~v v {. t X{p v {x tzz r RMp yYY vl[ {~  x. t X{p v {x yYvp ~ppxY vlf Rxl {HzpH~ vpyxx. K ~v v{Yv X{p[ rop vlY{ {x Wcr pxYl{x ~q Yy cx~x vl [p AK {hr{ xlvY Y xl RYyx rtq{x. vz~ yp rfr~ ~{ r~ {h yjlvY z~ Yyxf rx R vp YjhxK ~Kx.
vp YjhxK ~vf xvf ry Wcr r~~Yyj Yjhxv xc pxY Yy cx~x vl vx xl t{ Wlvf pK ppx. A {p f cx~x vl ~x v[z ~vyy vl ~p ~opx Yyp zn vly yol {ryxf ~u[ {p Rlylyx. vv Szzv zn [~ cx~x vl Ywf rxx.
rMzKpl vp Yjhxvf Srl Yyp xcp{ ~Y~ K {[v r{ tj SKx~ tM vYM  yl vnvtjhy xp vl{ypfx. Wv xcp{ ~Y~ vp r~{ r~~Yyj{ Yjhxv Yy cx~x vl[ Rvy~Yy vl[ {~f rjp f ~ y nxf R~pp  . Wv ~YDb{ r~  W{p xvx lY r{l. W  v{y p{yp z~ Wcr pxYl{xp Yv~ vl S{l K {rx Y xl RYyx rtq{ Rxyp Rxy ~YDb{f tp x. Wl Yy cx~x vl ~p W  R{oyjx Yyp znn vx ~~lv rY} pxYl{x rtq ~fpY p{p t{x. Wx r[l r~~Yyj{ rz r npY x ~x pxYl{ {p~ ~ x xll rY}x cx[jx v ~q t{x. vv ~YDb{p r~ rMzKpl Yf |z RY 02f U~p 10.35 {p f ~ { Wcr vp{y ~x rMzKpl vp YjhxK ~~x RyKu Y. 2010 p{KtM{zp r~ {v vp{y ~Z{Y ~u[ { rMzKpl vp YjhxK ~~x Wp r{l. Wcr rMzKpl vp YjhxK l~ lpnp[p ~x npYv Wp ~~xf WY{ ~x. rj p~ Rx Rly ypcp yvpxY, {~pl RM, r. ~p, y YyjpxY, p} [pYpn { vp{yp Yr r. ap tjhy vp{x n Wp rj ~x pl. rY} pxY yz Yv~ vl[ ropl{xp Ry ~~x ~ry r nY rMzKpl Yfxl rtq{ Wcr vp{y rmvxpv ~YDb Y. Wv Yfxl R{~p vp r~ p[ ~x Yly ~Y rMzKpl vp Rl r. rMy vlx. rrvf R~pp  t tKtx ~y pzf [ ltp znn A vl xx { n W {ynY pl.
Rr p{yWx Un]}jxYf [x {zN Rr rY}Yx Rr{ {fYy[p Rrp SzzvY Y. W[zz Rrf N{ Rjh{f Wy{ Un]}jxY Yypp Yzp pxYl{x [p xp r|px ~q[p Wpp xz. vv A Rxf ryp {j [r WY  K [p pxYlvf xp{ xz. A Rx Szzpp yz, Yy, ~l K ~x npv ~v[ {z rY}x Sxf [p xpp xzx. A R{~p {np r{~n Rl rMy vp{yx[ nplf Y p[p RYyx ~~ vp{ypf r. Rl r. rMy vp{yx[ Yl{ R{~p {p{l ~v[v ~l Uj~K z~ p[ ~xx.
R{y 65Y S~xYf YK xp Rr rY}x S~x rv {yf |z px xvYf zY {z. r~[x rl rzp v{yjx {pYz Rr bpn r|lx 22%Y {pYK rl tz Jt. Xtlv pxYYp S{l {j f bpnx npp bpnrf xppK xz rY}Yx xp{. Xtlv rY} pxYYK xl ztp ry Rr bpn r|lx 10%f r t. AYp rY}x p| {x. rY}Yxpf rY}xf xp Rnyx vlp Spp ~vy Rxf p. Rrf Rn R{| {z xpp cx[ ~v[xY ~Y ryl ~v[xY p{x. K ~ Yyj Yyz Xtlv rY}x cx[jx Yy [p xpp Yy cx~x vlvf rY} pxYl{x zt npp. ~l rv~ vp{yx `Kty{ Nx.
KY [r p WY. vlp rY}x n{z Yl Yypp t. A{ YlY vjhzx  xpp. ~l rv~ vp{yx[ Yl{f to Yyp rY} pxY yz Yv~ vl N x. cp Rvyl[ vp{yx n Wx Rpvl Yyp Nx.
Rrf vlp Yl Yypp R{|x. W~ xp p[ ~x yl vnvtjhy vp{yxx.
Xx rY}x {{~m{ r[pp{ n? vYYn K Yypp? YyjYyz {{pp. Wcr pxY yz Yv~ vl [yph Yx.
Rr p{x {{~m{ Yhpp Xtlvx. {{~m{f yno{ vlp lply np{. p Rrf {{~m{ [p xpp Wp{. vp{y p f r{~ppf {. A Rly ~l rv~, y~ ~ppxY, nx~ cx~Yy Rp Yr r.
Xtlv Rn { {z RKYp npp. X{ W~ n r{~. K [z[Gx vn tnY ryj vp{yx ~{Yfl ppp z~ Yv~ vl R~zf rxx.
pxYlv p nYY npp Yl Yypp. X R~zfv [x ryj vp{yx ~x R`z nYY X~{ rp{p Nx. ryj vp{yx lv R~zf rjp RYyx f Yv~ vl Yztzxf rl x.
Xx vYn `f Wpp? p Sqp xpp. vf Rp{. Yv~ vl N  l[pvYf zY { z~.
p p Xtlv tx{pp Wr. W~ x tnY ryj vp{yx p{ll {pl rllp Yv~ vl R~zf Gf Yx.
vv WY ryYl Xxf N{ `f Wpp Wr xz. p Sqp Yl Yypp. Yv~ vl W{y N ryf {h l[l RYyxfx.
vpp v {yp. tnY ryj vp{yx R~zf [x lzl RlYyz vp{x X{ Rn[p r~~f R{x. Yv~ vl { {x Sp r~{x. Sp r~{ p[ ~x YM }K vp{yx x. X ~x ryKryN Unx Wcrx ~v[ Y [pnp{ WpY ~ly Yyp Yl Yx.
Rn vf lplyY z xp{. pvl vf lplyY npp [zz Rr SKx~ vlvf lply p {j. KY lvx Xtlv[ xp pyY. v WYv r|pxY R Yyp{. YM }K vp{yx x.
Xtlvf ~{Mjvx R{~m{Y ztj. pvl Xtlv AY v[Rx. Xtlvf ztj ~{Mjvx R{~m{ lvx r[x  Xtlv p{ll p{ {{~m{ xfll pxYl{xf rl v. Sp r~{ Xtlvf tj Yy, ~l { ~x np WY{ R{Y [vpY xppx. pvl Xtlv vYn Y AYp r~~ AYrxY {[ {h Yypp [ll. rY}x ~vy Rx yno {n lply rl Y. Xtlvf WY` px xz lp tnY ryjz, y~ ~ppxYz, p} [pYpnz YlY vjhzxp Rxp Y. p{l A {y {y Yy[p rY} pxYYv Yy cx~x vllxf npp. Xtlv rY} pxY oyxv l{yfl Spp. nx~ cx~Yy vp{yx x. Yy cx~x vl pxYl{xf rl Yyp z~ z {|xp ~u{f xcp Yyp znn ~l rv~ vp{yx ~. X cx~x vl[ pv xcp vf ry Y rY|xY n Y x. Wv rY|xp Rply{ Sl Ruz}xp ~ry [v ~q Rn K ~{ ~p Wcr vp{yp[ yjx {pp prv{ Wcr pxYl{x ~q n|tp Yy cx~x vl rl vf R{| Yfxl ~Krnpx Yyp z~. Wcr xc pxY ~l rv~ vl ~u{p Szz ~xx. Wv xcp{ ~y vf p[ ~x yl vnvtjhy vp{yxx.
Xx Yf rx[pp. Y}Y{ yz Yv~ vl Nx.
v[ Yf {pp Xtlv Y{n? K Rr p{x Yl Yypp yG cpvlxx K Yl Yypp. yG cpvlx {pp Yf{l t. yl vnvtjhy vp{yx RN[xp vp yz Yv~ vl n~f Rl [ Yyp Nx. vnvtjhy vp{yx M]{ Yyj rz Yyp Yl Yyp Rlyly Yv~ vl p[ ~x x. Xf R{| {x ~YDb uxp S{l{ xvfx. cp Rvyl[, c~r vxYz, Yy cx~x  ~~ RllpxY xp vp{ypf n lv ~v[ rflf rjpp xx Yv~ vl W  Szz ~xx.
Rr K r|px [p Yl Yyv. rf{z xp WY UllyxY p{x. Yy cx~x vl ~m{y p N x. Wl Wxf Yv~ vl WY` {x pl. X ~YDb ~u{p rflf [xx. Yv~ vl ~v[ rflf xvf rx ry  Rx[p cp Rvyl[ vl rv.
KY vp YjhxK ~v ~Y rY}x {Mp Yx p{x. Rr p [pp Bp {Mp Yx. cp Rvyl[ vp{yx rflf xvf vlYf ry Nx. vp ntyx R~~j A R{~mN  x. WY WY vp{y WY WY n xp YY [~ppf {.
vlp Spp cpl{[ bpnp rl {Da vp{y. lvppp~ rY}x rop ~oxY xf vp{yp[ Rx{~YK RyY} Yyp{ ~Y vlp {Mp Yf{ RyY} Yypp np WY {yx. YY [~K vn yl vnvtjhy vp{yx x. K [z[Gx vn Yv~ vlf n |z{p rflf xvf p x. Sp r~ Yv~ vl rY}x vp YjhxK ~ zopf rop K~xf rjpp xx Yqx.
Xtlv[ pxYl{x xfl vv Xx K~ {{pp ~pK p. ~l rv~ vp{yx x.
K rY}x cx[jx Yy [p xpp xz vf ~{p{p~z[p, cpl{[p, ~z ~op{zp, WY~l cY rY}Yxp[p |z tzrvY Wzz {p{. vv vvl rY}x tly vlxf ~ pvp{. W  cx~x vl Nx. K ~xzz vn Yv~ vl G xK vxvY x ~x x. Wl Yv~ vl G x{ ~{Y A vl {p{p Rn~ Yvf p[ ~x pl. Wp ~YDb{ R{~p vp r~ rMzKpl ~~{yx r{l. Wpv yx Wcr vp{y Yy cx~x vl[{~f [h{. A Wv {hr{ Sx rtq{ M] {|xp ~YDb vfx. Wv ~YDb{f yYvp ~ppxY, ~l rv~, nx~ cx~Yy, lzl RlYyz, yl vnvtjhy, y~ ~ppxY, ~{ ~p~, SKx~ tMvYM, |yz zYzY, v [jylp, RMp yYY, Rl r~Y WY{ ~x.
Rr vp YjhxK ~YDbN  AYvY{ Yy cx~x vl pxY oyxf rl {p xcp{ ~Kvl {j. A Rp{ Rr yz Yv~ vllxf xv rY} pxY oyx Yfxl Yypp xz. rY}x ~v[ Yyz cx[j ~q rY}x vx{p WY Yy cx~x vllxf uy Yyp z~ Szz Rr Wlvf zl{ uy nv. W  nx~ cx~Yy vp{yx xcp Yx. Wv xcp{ Wwp R[~l 18 {f ry ~ vf W  rj ~ ~x vp{y WY` {.
K Rlyly yz[ ~rlvxY {p vzY ~vyYv vl n rMzKpl rY} pxY YMxzxf rj rY}x {p~Y rtq{ Yv~ vl ~v[ ~YDb Yx.
Rr {{~m{f Rp{ n~KtM 31 {  {pYp rY} pxYxY ly[p xp{. A ~ Wx p{l {p~ Yypp {{~mN ShY p. WlYp Rr WYl {z rY}x [h [pp Yfxl Yyv. W  Yv~ vl r{~ Rl. Wl Wv xcp{f ~l rv~ rM|{x { ~x yol{ r Yy .
R[~l 08 {  cpr vpn ycrY} vl px ~N p z ~ayxY ~q rfl{ [xx. Wv ~ayxf n| Rvl vaMx .Wz. r~, U~~ Rorp Rvl W~.. ~pxY, rMzKpl vp ~p {~ [j{Mop, cpr zYK zzl yl[, n| Rvl| zYK YyjzY Rvj[v, {yx RYx ~ur RaMx rxl tp Yv, cpr vo RoY} cpyz tpz cx~Yy xp vl{y Rl l r~Y WY {.
r~[x R`y{ ry{y 6.30f rvj tx clply [{p lfrf ` { cpr{yx Rl r~ p{lp [ll ~rYf axp {MzH fzxx. ~ayx rv p nY cpr{yx NYxp [l Yyppf x [p . A RlM tx  Q zY l vo~mpxf [x cpr vpn ycrY} vl W  p Ylp[ l rp ~[xYf n WY {xx. Wp yx tx r px Q zY lpr YMxzx r{ y ucp ~[xYf n cpr{yx Rl r~ ~u[ {. Wv ucp ~[x Rlyly cpr{yx ry vlYxp R{ Yyp y~ty ~np [jp{Yv W  [py rNx.
t px cpr{yxf Sl YMxtz pxY  . Wp U~p tx n| u} |{nzx v[p cpr vpn ycrY} vlf [y{x nM|p |yn UrxY rp. Wv Urx rpvp znn W ~z u} Roxp R|x Ryw {~y rpY [l{j px  v n |}l{x. Ur rpl~{xf ~u[ { cpr{yx Q zY  p Rl ~tql{p [py rp Sl yty Yl{Y n r{lx.
W  Q zY Roxp Ypx ~ur rnx n cpr vpn ycrY} vlf rpvp z. ~z u}{ yp p ~~ ~~xp ~u[ { lv[ ~url{xp r{l{p rv ~vf n cpr{yx WY {xx. W  Sl p ~z u}{ ~yx  p ~~p n~ npY rvj lvp  X{p cpr{yx  Q zY{ rtq{ nY{p RYzr rtq lyly cpr{yx vN lt.
[y cprlv, v[ ~z pv B. Rr |{nzx vv Xtlvf Rnyx. p cpl{l Rnyx. xnox R{~p Yyr yf Xtlv ~{Mopx Yyp  [p Rr p R~{p tz Spp{.
K RYyxf X{p ~x npv cpr{yx R[x Yyp Yl Y. cpr{yx X{p RvlN Sp Rply{x.
Xtz p ~z S[p [pp{ {[v Rr Q zY{fl Wpp. Wv Wp{ pK R{Mxxpv v{ v{pp. vv Xtz [p ~x n tz[ppK.
cpr{yx[ Wv rY|xf X{p ray Y{x Rlr~p pnxY n ~v[.
Wpv r~{y lpvyf p R[vl YMxzxf r cpr vpn ycrY} vl Rl l r~ r[pp znn p R[vl {p xtB vl ~. Slv ~n{  l|z{ cpr{yx{ r[l p R[v{yx Wv vN  {p Rn~ [jp{Yv [py rNx.
Q zY{f tzrp Bpv [f{Y  px ~x[x clply vGfp r Yyppf Rr ~pK. A {[v Q zYN Rxcp, ~{Mop Yfxl, xlz r~YK r{Mopxf Rr l{yfl Rl nppf z~x.
Xtz yfY xf Ktplf {yx rv Rxy {[v pyDaz z tz[yxl Sl ~MmY{ v Y. A [p Rrf ~lfx. A {[v Ktplf {yx n{ Rxyf R{| vzoy ~~ YvNnxp xfl zt nppfl Rr ~pK. vly-tzRll Kx vM[x ~{Mopx K Yfxlll Rr Yyp{.
Wvpv px  Q zY{ Rly R [{p [vp {y ~Z{ l{yfl S p{ppf n p R[vl{yx W  WY`l{ r Yx. S ~{Mop {rp {p{p n zt x  Sv ~x[x pxp zt np t{ n R[vl tp xtB W  ~Y {xx.
Q zYN ~{Mop Yfxl {p{p vpv Wzz{p clply tzrK{z n pxp ztp |Yx R[x Yyp W  Yl Y cpr vpn ycrY} vl Q zYN z ~ayxYf rjp z~ n p R[v{yxf Ryop Yx. Wv Ryop{ WYv r[l X ztp {~Mv Q zY{f rjp t{ x ~xx.
Wv v{p Rply{ cpr vpn ycrY} vl Rl l r~ tx clply [{p lfr {l rx }p~p tz xppfx. rx lpYf R~pp [{p [vpp r~ X{ }p~p {l ` {. t~rp yx cpr{yx [l Y xp }p[z fzx x.
~x ~ayx R{~p px { ~Yy n{z }p~p SpfMYpppfz fzx  cpr vpn ycrY} vl p cpr  pl{ vl vj [~jx. Wv v{ ~ {x Q zY cpr{yx {p{p W ~opx Y { ucp ~[xx.
Wv v{p Rply{ ~Yy yx cpr vpn ycrY} vl }p~p r{l{p x{M~AH zY |{nz h Uz ~vyKuY R{~m{f WY {x |} Ryl RvllY z~. Wv Ul~{x ~q yc pxYx [jp{Yv WY{ ~x. tzx cpr, v~K[ cpr, Sxrx R[v, yKx R[v,  R[v Rl pxYxp A Rly Yr r. R[~l 12 {  ~f 23 {  nY{ r{l{p Wv h Uzf zYx yf{z 110Y xcpx Yyp hY Y{ nlpn~Y ~u[ {.
~x ~Np z ~ayx v Yyp cpr{yx ~p~y RxK Yzx p{l Q zY{f rxx.
cpr vpn ycrY} vl n|[l{ ~xn zYN ~{p  rtq{ ~x tzvf RvlY Y pl. |}xpv ~x np[v R{opx xv{ Rll Yw p[y ~u{ Yyx. A ~q Rjh rY}xp pK lpY xcp  Rl. z[ ~vrz, pn ~z{  zpn vy[h Wv pK lpx. Wv pK Rlp R{~p pv t yf p[yr RrY}Yx z~ yjx vf Sh Rl. Tf Rvly{ rY}xp n pK rxY xcp  J. A Rlp Rpv p~Y vlx[ pv rtq{ { YltY R  Rl. rj YG hYxY n rY}xp p[yr RrY}Yx z~ Srl K ~pvY r{p t{ n p[ppf J. A Rp{ nrM|{xfv R{|  Rll Yw p[y ~u{ ~q {pl ly[xY zt vf x. W~ {{ n rY}x pxYl{ RMtnx vN Wx R~y  tp t{ n rpppf Rl.
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