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cpr{yx cpyz p~Y[p R~K zr nYY Yl{ v~x

zz  rl YYp AYpv {x~ l[pp - cpr
pvz ycrY}f vnNp[p y~ r|p
K npp RyY}Y v{ tnz n|vvY y N[x v ppx - aKrY yj{Y
Rn R[Y ~no~mpxYf xppl ~~p uxYf xppl Rrf t {z xp{ - yz Yv~

K p{z Y[l Yltf zY{ Rll cpr{yjxf Srl {p r RrY}Yx Y{ypn xpp rtq{ x. WY~l cY rY}x vz  ~Y~p zn WY~l cY ryvjf n ~|} R{opxY xv x xll K r RrY}Y Ylpnyx l{. Wz~v cpl vY ryvj n r RrY}Y Yl{Y Srl v l{p X{p n K x{zx rfr~ ~p t{f t npY ~Y r Yy. Wwp cpr{yjx  |Y xn v vjhzY ro cpyz ~yl p~Y vl Srl v rtq{ K {p f K rY} ~xzzv U[ ~YDb{Y yl{ ~x. WY~l cY rY}x  cpl vY ryvj K {p fl r RrY}Yxf ~x YK vzY yv{f WY`  tj n W ~ ~ p[rK tp t{f n X{p[ ~YDb{zp [vvp N. r~[x ~x ryv WY~l cY rY}x, cpl vY ryvj Rl ~ rY} [jp{Yv Slv y~[l{ pz vGfK ~YDb r{l{p ~ t{ p[ppf Rl. r RrY}Yx {|xp ~yl p~Y vl Srl {{l X[ v{yj {ryx vj{y Wxf ~~ rY}{z ~x[x zt [v Rl ~x Yyj rtq{ X{ ~YDb r{l{p ~. cpyz ~yl p~Y vl r RrY}Yx z~ Srl vf Wy{ n K rY} lv ~p l{l r~Y Yfxl Yyp ~p t{ n p[ppf J. cpyz ~yl p~Y vl ~x oyxp |v xv ~q zrx uy vf ~ p U~p cpr vpn ycrY} vl v x. A v{ ~ {x xpvM pxYx r[vf [{p lfrf [x R{~mN  x. W cpr vpn ycrY}  cpyz p~Y Rly Rn~ {vy vY ~ {{ n p~Y vl R~K zrx rtq{ W  ~ Rn~Y r Y pl. A R{~m{ v vp r~{ cpr vpn ycrY} vl Ypv p{y tz [vp [ll x. cpr zYK zzl yl[ vlf ~x R~K zrx Wpv ~{~ zt vf p~Y vl Yfxl xN x. zrx x{ tzvp r~ A rtq{ {v cpr{yxf pK npp xx cpr RMY zYK [ ~pyl vlf yl[ vl N x. A Rp{ A rtq{ cpr{yx p{l v ~ x. Tf r~ p cpr vpn ycrY} vl ~Yyf rgYxp Rlyf rjp S rlly rxYv p~Y vl[ R~K zrx ~~ly{ tp RYyx fN x.
~yl, vf zrx npp Yzp rlly{zfp x{z xpp. A {Ml n~ t cpr{yx lv R~z ~ zoxYf N x.
~M, ~yl[ R~K zrx nz xpp rY} nY lpY WYl{Y xz p[pp xp{. ~vy Yyj cpyz ~yl p~Y Yrz Rxp Y xzl p[pp xp{. zox N x. {v zzl yl[ vlf Yl Y cpr{yx R~K zrx [p p{yf rjpp xx x. zrx p{yf [p r r~ cpr{yx zrx Rh[ Yyj rtq{ zYK{yx ~v[ M] Nz{Y ~YDb Yx.
KY xf rz{v n|rzp rY} Spp t{ K Yyj{zp rp{. ~yl p~Yf np{pp Rnv Rr zrx uy [ll xz. R{~px cpr{yx Nx. A Rp{ Wlp ~f l~ {~yY v ~{xf R{~p l ~fp vf cpyz p~Y vlf ~ x. |v xvf rmv R{~p {l{f cpr vpn ycrY} vl v v ~q cpyz ~yl p~Y vl Ryzx[ vpyxf [x x. nnpv R~p{z R~p[p ~x n ~zx xl ||Jnl{Y R{f . ~ Nz{Y xply nnp[p ~{Y Rn~ YvY ~ pY x. rv{pv Rn~ nY{p znn cpyz ~yl p~Y x.
[~~{pp t Yyj [jp{Yv ~no {j. AYx K yjx [pp {j. cpyz p~Y vl N x.
p vp{ {jl Yzrp{p {h Yypp. |}xp YvpG~ nn r~~K {pp. ~yl, W Sqp Xx K nY{ z Rvx Rxox WYY lvx {l {j. pvl vv W Sqp K nY{ x cpl{ WYY. Xxf ~z ~vcx {l {pp S[p [pp t n{z xx. n|rzYx Rly uxpY Rxl Spp{. Rr xp n Rz n[jxY Yyz l{ Rxf xp Rxl Rr Rlyv Spp{. YzK xz, tz Yrz xK xK n{z Rlrl Yy [pp tzp Spp r~Yl Spp{. A p Xx K v Yjhpv r~~K {pp. cpr{yx N x.
v[ RyY}{ [p zY lMcpxY xp{. v[ RyY}{f ~ ~t |z r~Y S{l Yyz xp{. p~Y vl N x.
vv RyY}{ { YyppK. A rtq{ ~xv ~ly Sx  zl{ pK nppK. cpr{yx x.
n|rzpx [p vv lv R{~p yjxY Ry[p p. Xtlvl {G Spp Rx xp n{z ~l R~ll{ ~x tzz lyK [pp. p~Y vl x.
vYYn K R~K zr nY? cpr{yx v~ ~x x. W~ v~vf l {x cpr{yxf Srl Y zrxf {h { n{z r{lrl{z r  v x.
R~K zr nYY [p vv npp p. vv Xtlvf pp WY lvx {y R~K zrx. cpyz p~Y vl x. A Y Yltp r~ cpyz p~Y vl p{ll cpr{yxf Ray Yf rfl{ [x x. |v xvp r~{ Xf ply vf Yw {pl {~Y pt tp p~Y vl ~x lyp vM[xp v~Y YzxYf {~Y zt [vf Yfxl ~Krnpx Yyp z~ Szz ~x x.
~xp [xY x[pp r{p {xn npp p. ly ry Xf .
X Yw R|l{ {~ r{Y rvj lyly ~x tN x. A {~ rxYv Yy{p v { p~Y vl t Xrr zv ~q p {p Yy [ll n R{~p vl p~Y vlf {~ zt vf lvpf p t{ X{ pK p.
v rv {hY. K ~~ vzp v WYYpv v{ tv ~n{ r Ry[p vf {~ npp Yvll r Yyp{. pvl t Xrr{ zxpp [xv A ~~ v[Rp{. K rtq{ p~Y vl ~x l{lpf r{~ Rl.
v{y cY  Uyvx vov YyY ~u{  Ully vjhzx |} ~YDb{Y r~[x  r{l. W  n vzY z~v R{opxf zY {x cpyz ~yl p~Y[ n|rzp R[vpx rtq{x. v  rmvxpv Rn~ Y{ Wzz{z Koppn x ~yl p~Y vllx n|rzpxf rv p{x r|p. X n|rzpxf Wpp Y{yp WYYn xppx rop [f{. xx r{~.
Y rynp xnoxf yno{ K Rx vp lyK n| {h Y n? vp [p}p, K, v[z, rY} pxYlv Y{yY p Ygy Nap Y. ~ppxY cprlvf lyY p{x, vr ~yl p~Yfl K Rx R{vp Y. p K Yypp xpp Rr Rly R~v[x {ryz un upp Yyz clply tzN[x, cx ~ly tzN[x Rl{z tq[p Uy[ v Uy[ R`v xz Yrp{ {[ {hY. Up{p~ {yfl R{oyjx Y.
xnnf yno{ Yypp r{p v YvYv Yyz Rpvf xn yxY cpr{yxf Wy{ ly[xf [pp[pp lyK K tzN[ xlvY {j Yvn xp WY [p ~x tzpp Bp. {J Rh{z ty Yl xp R~l rY| Yyp ~Y ~Y Mvjx v y lvx cpyz p~Y K U[zf Yf Yy [ll. K U[zp Wlv Jy [pp Rr Yfxl Yypp Bp.  YxY {z [v p{Y Kv {[ {hY K Rx Yypp xpp. RaMx Bvzr ~ul x rY| Y.
~yl p~Y vllx bpnf Wp{ xz xr [vp v[z ~vyy vzpv vYYn NN? Tf {h n~ {yxY vpn qx xz N{. Wv xr v[z p cpr{yjxf p~Y{ Yq{[p AK rop vxKYy {z. K Yypp ~yl p~Yf RnMf n? yz, K, vp [p}p cpyzf RnM n? K npp RyY}Y v{ tnz n|vvY y N[x v pp. KY  Yp[fxY lll{xY. K lll{x ~~pf K vl rz Yyz npp Rvyx. YzxY xpYf ~~ KY lyK [ vYYn {j xz. A {[v cpyzf vh [p  xp n{z Rr Rpvl Yyppl p. xn yx cpr n p~Y n xz {n {n Yyp{f {h KY ~vY rxlpxY cx[jxY xfl Rr p[p Yfxl vx {n[l. ~YDb{ R{~px  Rvl aKrY yj{Y vl N x.
p{ n|rzp ~popx {p WY~l cY ryvj rrl rY|px v pxY xpf r[pv r~[x ~ Rplx  ~ x. A ~q Wc ryvj pxYxp p{y tz [vp [pp znn |} ym rrx. 13 {  U~p n~ aly~xf WY { WY~l cY ryvj pxYx rmvxpv .W~. ~ppxY ry{f r}rry Y{. Sp r~{ ym rrx RyKu { Rly A R{~m{ {p f {p n~xYf { ~Z{Y W [z Yy . rrx RyKu Yy ~ Nz{Y xp f WY~l cY rY} v zYK ~~ RllpxY vl[ c[v yYmpxf RvlvY rx x.
~M, ym rrxf rzx[h  GfwN  r YynyxY Yyp ~pvY xp{. A rtq{ rHhY R{opxp xpp. yYmp r{hx zt p rn[zx N x. vqY Yzrp Y ~~ RllpxY vl {v K rtq{ Wcr xc pxY rMzKpl vp Yy cx~x vl {l Ryx ~z Yy ~x x. A {p fl Yy cx~x, v[z ~vyy, vp [p}p Rl WY~l cY ryvj pxYx ~Y S ym{z [vp Yyp ~x. Ryx ~zvp r~{ cx~x vl rzx[h  Gfw{ uy{ Yfxl Yyp S rz~ zopf yYmpxp Yl Y x.
Rr ym ryyf ry npp ~pvY xp{. Yyj Yyz Rrf RyY}{ zt npp. cx~x vl A zop[p Szz ~x x. ym ryy rzx[h p[yx r~ Y n ~ ry vY W  ~ px. ry vY ~ p{j n vM[x nr~ Y Y X~{ fxM r~~ nv tp RYyx nYpf z. ym ryy p{yf ` {p f ~mp r{Y  r[K ~pK Yy t Rly Sp rv r[v ~ {x y[zz tjhypxY ~vx R~z  x. r[vp r~{ WY~l cY ryvj pxYx tjhypxY ~vxf r}rry Yv n ~ Y. r}rry Yvp r~{ p{l r~ rop vM[x {l rjp Rly WYly YzY r~Y ~` ~f [z vz ryxY Wzz Y. A ryxp r~  z~ Yztzxf rl {. Wl W ~ rz~ zo { xlvY  YzY z~ ~yj r~ A ~mpxp rz{ x. X{p rz{ x n A {p fl ym ryM {p nY lpYf ~ Rzu ~  . Wcr ym ryyf |}fv r[v ~pK{ tj v{pzz rn|x. lpY rvj r~Y ym ryy r[v ~q v{pzzf rj ~x. K r[K Uz ~opx Yyp znn YM }K vp{yx x. r~ ~ZlvY{ { tp W |} zxY r{lvf n Wcrx pxYx Yfxl Y. ym ryy rynx p[yx ~rxf rjp f Wcr v zYK ~~ RllpxY vl[ c[v yYmpxf p{ll RvlvY rxx.
ym ryyf vp{y p[yxf Rl {pp Wr xz xc rz~r pK z xp{. yYmp r{hxp rY| {. {v Wcr xc pxYx p{l vf RllpxY vl Yfxl Y x. A Rp{ }Y{ xlvY { Yy cx~x vl vov rl ty xc rz~r{yxf yYmpxp Yl Y x.
Rr ym ryy tv ~vY{ rjpp. Rx AY ply Yypp Urn~ z xpp? cx~x vl v~ ~x x.
vv Urn~ pp rrxY ply Yypp. ym ryyY Wp{ pK [f{Y p. rr Wpp Rr~x. xc rz~r{yx N x. Sp r~{ ~ [f{p ly{ ym ryyf vp{yf Rl vf ShYh z. A {p f ym ryy zfM lpvyYf {h [p xYl { Rly rv ymx vp{yf Rl {p f W R{~p ym rynx p[yx R~ppx . Wp yx Wcr pxYx p{y [l Y. Tf r~ p WY~l cY ryvj rrl rY|px v p{ypf r[pv ~ x. v  vz{l yxp |} l rp ~[xY n Wcr pxYxp ~q ~pK Yy . rrl rY|px rtq Rn~ Y{ vz{l v p x ~x n|rzp rY} ~Y WY vlxYf rv ~t zYjY t{ x. oxY cpr Yvx R~ v, y vy }j pv rzpxY R v Y[l {[v t{ n v  Up{p~ R{oyjx Y. Wpv x{hp zK z[ z vl v { yz Yv~ vl n {p~ {qr [v n ~ x. n {p~[ l{{ ~q rp YjxY rc v n v  Yv~ vl ~ Y x. Sp r~{ Wcr pxYx rzzxM Yz, zM vYYK v~zK n{~mpx  vp{y }r vpyxf [~ A A R[Y pxYxp v  ~YDb r{l{.
Wpv ~{~ [Kr r{ n~f NY{Y ~Kvpljx Rvv ~q Wcr pxYx [Krf rx.
cpyz ~yl p~Y vl Yz yx {qr [pp [x R{~mN  xz r~Y AYf to Y. A {[v Rr y[zz ~vx R~zf [xvl l{l r~Y [z vz{zp ry pp. Rn K ycx xfl R[Y ~no~mpxYf xppl ~~p uxYf xppl Rrf t{z xp{. K{ Yypp RjhN Sv lp{zp. W  Yv~ vl R{oyjx Y x.
Q zY n~ rY} |} ~KKzpx Tf r~ p Zllyv h[jx  r{l. rmvxpv K ~KKzpx r{lvf xcp {x ~[l~ [~m h[jx x. Wl W ShYh vq tp {pl ~mpxY ly [vf Qzr ~oxY Yf{ yjx Y. Zllyv h[jx Wwp zY Y~zpx  pYyjx vf xl tp W lj rx vl v{ cp zxY r{lK [f{Y pv t{ p[vp r~{ Qzr tzo lv ~KKzpx A ~mpx lvf yjx Y. Wp ~KKzpx ~q ~|z cpYxY r Rly ~v R~pxYv xcpx Yyp r~ rj ~x. Wl v  t npY tzryll {x cpr{yjx n v v{yjx n xpp cpr{yx ~p rY|xf rl Yyp Rlx x x. cpr{yx ~x YlN  R{| Yvp bpnxY x ~u{p v~{ n rmvxp r{l{pp cpr{yjx n v v{yjx n xpp W  rY| pvf {[tz [ll x. Al K {p f Qzr S RyvM[{zp ~pm {pp cpr{yjxY rmvxpv r{lvf ycx rtzxp yjx Yy tp t{ x. A rtq{ Wwp 23 {  Nnpx vfl 24 {  rY tvYfl X{ WY`l{Yf rj ~. K {p fl 2010 cpr{yjxf R{| rY vjx Yy Rl. cpr{yjx v vl ~v[v v v{yjxY r{lvf n yjx  J.
cY n~ ryvj pxY vz y{| vl rvZ A rY}x S xYl{x xcpx Yyp r npYv r~[x  vp{y cpr vpyx  cpr{yx v  |} ~YDb{Y r{lx. K ~YDbN  n nrM|{xpv R{oyjx Yyp znn cpr{yjx rtq{ x.
vzpv cpr{yjxY r{lvf Yfxl Yypp. W  yjy{p p p K yf [hp[v ~q cY rpyn {hr{Y yf vN ltpp r{p. Wx xlvY v ~q Rrf cpr{yjx  cp{yvY Szzv. v  vz y{| vl cprlv[p Szz ~x x.
cpr vpn ycrY} vl[ 64 { Urp px r~[x 18 { f x . Wp U~p cpr{yxf rv{pv ~t rlN nl pzY{Y voNx.
Xtlv 15 {  ~KKzpx n{~ {r zz Yzx vv K r|px Rpp. Rllfv Xtlvf p {x~ xn? voNx ~t rvp r~{ v~ ~x x.
zz  rl YYp. AYpv {x~ l[pp. W~ xp cpr{yx ~p~j x. Wp cpr{yxf ~l rl ~Fxpx Yyp znn UhN oKvzY rjp rvZ ~{p {p~z x. xY{Y ~p ~Y~p zn y~Yz ~l XfppY n cpr{yxf zt v v  ~ x. Wp U~p r{ l rp ~[xY ~q t~z ycrY}, [gux ycrY}, Rp} rzrf, c[l r}rYvy Rl r~Y WY{ ~x. Yzfp ryr~z Yh ny{ [lxp cpr{yxf ~[ Yf ~t rl. Wp YpG vjhzx n lyvY rvn {x cpr{yx[ Urp px l{. YpG vjhzxf cpr{yxf rvf lyvY { Nz{Y [l {x ~trv ~q rj ~ r~ { { t. YpG vjhzxf cpr{yx rx Urp p YY [xY n ~v[. W  Rv{y cpr{yxf Uj~K z~ ~t rl. YY [x Yrvp r~{ cpr{yx R~zf r R[vl ylp~ YvpxY vl M]x} zJ{x xp ~t rMmp Y x.
W rll rl rYvY r{l{p{. vv AYfl ~Ktpo {pp Bp. AY p B[zz vv YY Ypp. W~ x cpr{yx A ~mpxp Yv [x x. cpr{yx[ cpv px rn rrx  yf WY~~l vp Rply{ ~xv~Y [l vl ~vv ~q |} Ul~{ vz{Y r~[x 18 ~ 19 np ry ~ty[v rl  r{l. ~ty[v rop Rvl vrz yl vl[ ropl{xp r{ K Ul~{ vzN rv p rv Ul~{x {x Rzx[h Rrz vpn nzx S Y p{ h rY}Y[yx {l v x. A ~q U~pv vrz yl vl Wv r~z {l rx x. Wl X nr~ {x Wcr rl ~u vp{y nnpY {p ~rz Rzz  Y.Wp. ylpxY xp vl{y x. Rzx[h Wcr rop ~oxY vz FpxY vl n v Rv{yx ~v[ r~zf Rl x.
v Rv xWprxf [zzn plpK xWpr Rx ~popf [zzn? KY pK  r|pxY. K n~p f rj ~ r~ vvjp R~. k R{ Y v Rv{yx x ~x cprlv[ cpv px  vpn pp xl zY ~x n|rzp rY} WY~~l Yyp Wlv[ nM|pxf tp [rp {hYfxllYf vzrvf  v ~lff YyjY t{ x. Rzx[h xcpx Yyp rl {pRyD vlx Ul~{xf rj p~x x. A rtq{ n Rn~ Y{ v Rv{yx x ~x cprlv[ cpv p Ul~{x n{~ K NYN Wlxl x pK vp lyK {p{n x x.
lyjxf fY ~opx ~ur pvz ycrY} vlf vyG nl  vl vo }lx voNp vj[~ X{p  Ylt K {{vp{Y YzxY ~~ v R{ . K rtq{ r~[x  X[ rxjp {p cpr vpn ycrY} vl ~v[ Ylt Y x. W  cpr{yx p R{{nx {x W{ppYf ~ Jnxp ly{ ~v voxYv Rxf Ryop v {hl ~~ t{ x. K Rp{ Wv Yfxll ~opx K {[v r{yj R[vl vo zYK ~zylp ~pyl vlf x. ~v vo RxlpxYv ~v lyyvYv xcpx {p r c}g vpv lyj voNpf n A ~q Ryop Yyp z. K ~n v{ r~[x ~Yy (13) tjhypxY ~Kvplj r|x  r{l . A ~q vo }lx xl y~xxYf RY r~Y ~u[  ~x.
~zylp ~pyl vl K~xY K~xY [p pvz{ [p [~ W ~ ~xv voNp{ Xf p{ ppx. .Wp.Wz. yr{x ~ur |p Yv~ vl pvz{ r[ll {zq[. K RYyxf t ~n {l{yjxY vn r{ K ~n v{ l  voNp[p p[j pxY RYyx y~ r|p{zf rly vf n pvzf ~ x.
Xt K ~n v{ ~opx Y n|rzpxf r~K RyKuY xf pn? WY voNxY X[p R~N x.
vv l{v S[p [pp{. S[p[p S{y {jv lvx vYYn Yypp xz lpp Bp.
Rx pv n|rzpxf Wpp YvllY pnn? l{l voNxY X[p R~N x.
lv Wv Rn~Y p.
K R r|p ~Y pvz vN [yj Rly X Slv ~n{ A ~xzzf rly ~rxx x. vov yx R~pp{plyv r{ vv ~n v{f r voNpf yxY ~{p RYyx rY}j K{zp {pp xx n RyY}Y zopf Urn~  v n |}l{xY x.
Wly yf{z {~p Q zx RxcYxp ~Y r~[x ~ Rplx  Q zY{f rx. SYl ~p~y cpr vpn ycrY} vl v { X{ S px  [z~ fzx  R[v ylp~ YvpxY vl[ ropl{xp r{ v{f ~u[ {. lvp[ n|px RyKu vf ~pK { R[v{yx WY{yv ~x yjx {p~ Yy vv Yl Yyz xpp p... KY  B[zzx Yl Yypp Bp. Xx[zzpf xp r|p Srl Yypp. vv AYf R{| rly nppK.
A Rp{ n~[l Q zY xlx vyf Rxcp Yfxl K  R{p [f ~[l lll{xp rtq{ R[v{yx p{l Y R{~mN  A ~q W{zv rly zt x xl r|p{zf vl vf n R[v{yx Yfxl Y x. A ~q . Wz. r~ Rv{yx[ ~x[x n zt [ppf R[v{yx Yfxl Y x. K RYyxp r{ Wv v{ Slvlv szx { t{ W r n~[l Q zYx Wv v{ R{~px  R[v{yx  r{~.
pxpY yp{zz
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