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x ~l nK
vnz tYN nvpp ~ ny{p npp

rl[v ~~y 

ny{p  v r{z ~~mN vzY YMxxx. nnpY {xf rl { r~ X{p[p ~vcx RrY} Yyp rop YMxx {pp n Wxx. ny{p pz rvn {p f n ~vcx A rtq{ Upp {pp A ~ x. Rrf R{| Nz{f ny{p np{ xx RlK xll ~vcx tzryll {pp SYvp ny{p  vx. ny{p p {x ~vc lY x{zxY {|xp npp pl.
~ vl p{ ~l ~Mrx r{ ny{p tzryll{pv Yfxl Yyx. ~p~ nY{x. Rnyxp R  Yyx. p {pp ~x rc{  v  ny{pf Rnyx  ~p~ Yv Rp tzp f ~p  ~ rc{ Rly {p~Y p t{x. Yvv [pl v, ty Rply{zp {Yv  RyY} v lv[ YMxuyx ny{pf y v n Yy. Y[p Yz  vf lll xp{ pK R xp{p { rY| ~vcx tjl ~p ~ll W~ pYy. Y~  lv ny{pf Yvv ~rxv lv[ YMxxY {|xp ~p ~ll Yzrp Yy. W~ lv Y~[pp p ny{pf Yv v ~rx n. RlK ~ll{xY ny{p lv R~p rpp nvpp Wv ~ll{xf x{ ztj f  x. A Yzx nY{ Up RyY} v lv xlYvY {|xp ~zY. lv {M[xf R aMx oMv U[p{.
~vcx xp YvYn, W ~tql vp{ n xpp r{ pnl ~p ~ll v~ x Yypp RlK f ~l vl ~z~K Yy[p pN. A{ Up ~l {[v {|xp ~zYp ~ x.
~ n~ tzp f vv x{zx RlK f {p~ {x. ~vy nvrxp ny{p v[ nv x. Rlyv Yy{. vy nv,  {pl Rra x{p Yy{. pvl ~v ~v W~ Yypp pl. Rnyxp ny{p Y tz [v n lv p ~r ~Krl ny{p f {y Yy v n Yy. W~ Yyp X{ ny{ lv[ |yx Yf~Y {|xp ~zY. lv rvjY q pyY x x xl xx ~lp RlvY {pl ry{~xY ny{ f q pyYY x np f A [p Uyj  Yfxl Yy. rf YpY ny{f q pyY x np f Wx RMm{l nxY {{ n Up xp nx R~ppf Wr xx xp ly{f Yy. vxpf { zYx xp RlK rl }vl {fpp pl. X{p lpp n Yfxl Yypp n A R{~mN lvp[ pvf {y xx x lp nx rv.
ny{  v nvrxp Rp ~{ppY {{ n X[ ~t RxYyx z~ Yfxl vf nvrxpf x v[p R{~yxY pl. W~ {pp ~v ny{Yv r vcpl{f Rxl {p ~ x. nvrxp xp ny{ Y tz [ppY rvj. xp Rpvl Yyp zt Rll W~ x. t ~vx n Rpvl Yyp ztpp Wt Rn~. ny{ r {~l{. W~ X vpp Y tz [v nvrxp ~l {[vx. lvp[ R|{ ~ R{|l{ Rp{ ny{p vz{f  Yf X{pf Ypp tpp  Wxf {p {|xp ny{p zY vl { r~ ry zu UrYy tzryll {p nvrx{y n ~. Wx t ~vx Rpvl Yyp Rn~f lyvY rf {{. vx UyjxY {|xp xp{ pK tYN vnz lprl v  ~vp x. tY{f vnz v r~ Tf {h { vnzY Rr~ ztx. A tY{p ztp rzx ~ x. ny{p YM lv |vx n opx n xnK Yf Wx p{l Wv ny{p[p tzryll v t ~vx RrY} Yyp ~x rc{  K YMxuyx  WY` {ppY pN. ~p ~lpf {h ~ ~l {c t{ vxx. Wx p y Y xllY ~v ~ ~vcxf n [{.
Rn t nvrx ny{p nppf x. X{pf nppf Sh pn. Sp {[v {pp ny{f nppf ~~ z~ r~yx ~Y~ v x. r~yx ~v[ ~{pxp {l {ppf X{pf Sh v [f vl { lp  Wxf {y rly ~xp v[ x vx. r ~vcxf X{p[p xrlY ~ {p z~ {l {ppf x v x. r ~vc oMvl{zf [y~y Yvl Rn t nvrxp ny{p np{ xx x Yypp Bp{fl {h Ypp tpp v x. ny{p Wr {{ n lv[ R|{p lrvl Yy [vf X{p xnv lv[ R{|l  R|{p Yy ny{ xv Yy Wx  [x f r~~vl W~ p{ f tj {vl x. vx ny{p  {h [v rfz{ [v. A {yn ~ {pp Rp{j nvrxp ~ x. v Rp{j xp rnx rN U[lYv R  p xp Ryp pN. ny{p npp r ~vcx RMmx r~x xp vlx pnppYv ~q x.
ny{p R  Yypp lv[ xrl r~ n, v { f X{p[p U{fp tzryll{ ~q n xp{p ~x xlx. W~v Wx ~vc YMxuyxY n ppK rn[z YMx uyxY n xpp v~ tzx xlx. W~ rn[zY px rl lt[p ny{p K vl{nxY t ~vx pl. Rrf rvjY ~zY rYy [zz, RpY {xpf W~ v R{| pl xp{p ~lp nvrx n ~. Wv Rx ny{p[p ly [yK ztpp X{p[ Wv plpx r{p {yn {f [l ny{p[p x.
ny{p  v z~x. X{p ~{|Yxp [f p ~vc lY z~ {l {p r~Y t{f rl K Dlp{p ny{p v Rvyx. ~x {[v vpp {f[p Yfxl v Tfl {h Rr~ nx.

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Rzlyx
pllzf RNY ~l l

Yz~ ~. zN rxlv

pllz v zYxfv Uyv { v[zxY  Rl. K v[zx ~l uYYxpf X{p Rnp nK YMl F~~ {p~[ Urp v[zx {{l ~~ Rxfl pllz vl rvl {Y{p{Y  Rl. {~y ry {~  {h Yy {~y R{~px vl ~lp Yz [{p {~p{pl p{ {~yYf ~pK {p xp pllz Yzx v ~v~l zYxfv Ul~{ YzxY  Rl. {q zYx vx l{l Rz Yy [vf Ul~Y {p ~v z~l RK rzK h  Ul~{ ~jY pllzf R Rl. pllz lj{pf F~~ {p~[ Url v[zx tp v v[zxf t [x l{l ~l l y|xY Rl. A ~vy ~l l yp yff {p~ {p Rly, v vl ~vcxfv r { Yyj y|xY Rl.
lj ~uN vz x[{z pllz v[zxY [p R~vf  vf  p t{ rzx. Wxf vzYv l{ {x [zxp n|p Y F~ ~p[ Ulrl Yl{ p{ Up{p~[ Yv, vyjx  Ulmpx Yl{x. A ~v ~uN vz x[{z UlKv  cprxlv v[zx {x ~{p {p~[ r~Y v[zx. (Ulmp v[zx)
Wpvl pllz ~vx z~ R{to Yy[p vl Ul~{Yyxp F~~ {p~[ v[zx r{lv RyKu {x 4 {p ~x{~  ~fx. K nY{ ~KrxY{ |nollv rxlvjp ~p pllz p { rc lpY ~ Yyx.
1. vov y rc{ K KcM pK t~zYN r{l{j Rly, Wx pK Y n{ lxp[ { rc{ xp{. vv { rc{f  t~zY{f |}l{xY Rl. Wxf l{, zp p [p R [{ XyN Yf~ lprl Yy Rll K t~zYN vx.
2. Rxv { rc{ WHyp[ rc{ pp x. Wx r{l{x |pl Rp~l~x t~zYNx.
3. l{p rc{ |. rly t~zYN r{l{j Rly, Wx F~~ {p~[ Url z{f rY| Yyp { rc{ pp x. |nollv rr {p~ ~p vv { rc{ l  yc{ypf Xfp rzpK alx n Sf Yyp z. r~Yzx [y rxlvpzf pllz v[z p { cc lpY Xrr vf R{~y z.
pllz vzYv R[Y {l r{l A R~p ~{{l Wv v[zx  tv l{l ~l l y|xY WY WY cp Yf~ Rly |]xp {rl  Rl. Sp WY R[x, pllz [~.
pllz [~
pllz [~ WY Rlp Rrf Ulrl YlN ~[ Unpx t lpK [~ ~Yl{l Yyp Rly Rl Rlf [zv ztj Yy~ [~l ~Yl{l Yyp t{f rtz vlxY 10 { |l{M}x rvj razl x. l{n pllz [~ 16 { ~x{~ cMvx pllz ~~Yxf WY {{Y t{l xN. X{p ~~y ~lN  l {Mj |Y{zf Y{ vprx l{p Wv Rl [{z{zf [pl ~y~K ~l r~Yzx pllz [~ ~y~zz z~ Y|px x.
pllz [~ |pl tr~lv[p Rywj ~KrxY z~ YlzYxp n. .{. 719  cMvxf r S[~ cY oMv l{yxY { tr~lv cMvx vxp~ yn[y{yx z~ ~{x Y Yzx pllz [~ p{ Rnzz ~YlxY z~ p{ p Rly, A R|l cpr{n y|xY [ Rl.
yryv rz{xp r~ t [x lj Yf~ t {xp X{p Rly, vp lM pllz [~ Mvl {|xp p{x. pllz pf R~pp yxY X zt RlvY l{p R~ zY} ~Zl ttp ly{zp RzYx [~ Rl Rlp [z Wp f W avlYyx lvp[ {~ ll R K Rxp [~Y RllY Yr[p l lv {~ l S rp nz{ ~y~ t{l Wv[p ~yz{ np[ RzYx  ~p[p {~ lf r t{ RMmYmpx Y. l{n vpf t np l[ pllz [~ Wzzv { n ~l vx vp Rly cprx x.
[{zp
pllz [{zp ~~Yx Rl Rlx ~fv r{lp {[ xN. Wpvl vxf p{ rjY np [{zp Mvl z~ t Rx r[pp lpll {px Slzx R~~ p{y ~ |pl rp~~ vlvpx. 1223  rvj pllz [{zpf |} {n[lYvY zt . Wxf vz { ropv Yyjx 1223  yvx |nollv rxlv[ R{~yx rf {vp [{zpY rp~~ R~~lv Mvjx vx. [{ Xy{Y ~ ry ry{ [{xp n Yf{p n Wlpf [pl A pllz [{zp {vp Y W tlzK F~~ {p~ Srj [{zp vp vxl ~Y~v. rp~~ R~~lv[ rxlpx Sl ~MmY  ~p Rly cprx { {[ |pl tp{paM vlv ~ly Yyx.
r~{ 19 {p ~x{~  rvj nYj Slzx [{zp rv Mvjx Yyp Rl [{zp ~KrxY  Yx. [{zpf ~KrxY{ tj rv{pf Rvly{ tlzK [Kvpx Mvjx K YzlvY R|x S~vl x. Wx Rn r{ cprx  Rl.
[{zp o ~Yzr l M{apx {p Rxy Rn Rrf x x. Wpvl [{zp l R [{ XyN ~lr{ ~p F~ zp{ Rrf RvlY Y px. [{ Xy{ ~lp Ry {z ucpx x. A ucpx l nvp ry ~lp Ryxf [lll A l W pllz p  ~~ z[K [p ~x F~ ~px. Up{p~ v ~ ~x |Yx { { Ryx np ~YzY ucpxY x. Wx RvlY p{p z~ [{zp lp A ~p{ p [l xl N.
Yyz
vx pllz Yzxfv RNY [Y {M[x. |. rp~~ R~~ vp pllz Yyz [ {z rx z~ n, Wxpv Slzx Yyz{z cv z~ n ~vy r[p. Wl 11 { ~x{~ lyv, pllz Yyz cMvxp p{ p t{ n ~fp N.
Yyj Y~ {{l xyrx R { ~vc p{nx ~v[ 18 ~ 19 { ~x{~{z n Yyz [ Sl |}g Rxp razl x. Wxf vzYv l{ v~G, ~f{~ tl{p { |}g ~[lexp xyrx {l { x. K x[x  { R |}g pllz [x, ~xzpG pxG [x. K [lx Yx lyK cprx n xll Wx u} 200Yf RY ~Z{Yf r{Mlpx  Rl. zYN n Yyz [ [p Yl Yyp f R{nxpv ~rl Yyp Yp cYK [p~zN~ rxlv. Wlv[,
n Urpp ~Y
n Urpp X.... [x pllz Yyz Rly [xp R cprx [lx. zYN Yyz [ [xpx cprx  R Rxy Yx lyK n {l pllz  Yf r{l{p ~v Ul~{xYv vth rl lj [K{z ~[l ujh R  p{ {xp [xp Yyx. pllz yx {p{z p[, pllz Yyz xp xp nM|p vth rlp x x.
Yyz YKv [Y [xpxY p{p t{ R{to Yy[l xlx. Yyz [l{zp [xp Yypx W n{ lxp WHypf  ~r{lx. F~[ Url Yl{ Yyz [{zp rY| Yyx. R{~p{Yf vp ~vy Yyz [ [xp Yypppf, A RplM[lx R{tox p{ ~{Y ~ Yyz [xp Yyp zJ. A Rllp W {p~ R{to Yy[l xl{ Rl.
pllz ~x
pllz ~x l{l cprx alx. ~pf Yz~ pp S[~xp rYfx. ly{ ~x{~ lMx Url zn |pl Yz~ vp v RyKuYx x. Sl |z opxY nvrxp[p zn vlv pf |}xp vpf l[ np UrYy Y Yp.