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RvYp cpr{ypx 2008
~ vM Y ~{jz ?

zYx tz{lv rn[zx {l RvYp cpr{yx ly [K bpn px   {lv v{yj }j, pv[ xK x, RjKrn Yr rx[  c} Rp{ n { {|xp Yltf zY{ppf rfp [p Rl. {~y nYYf R~pp YzxY ~~ rJzYp rY}Y RrY}Yx  vYY RrY}Yx Rly nzpx { o{z vpy o{p ly[x pK Yj Rplx ~fp {pp ztp 4 { x.
K {p f cpvl v~K  v{yj pxf Yzp bpnx rY| Y{p[ ~Z zZp Rp{ vYY RrY}Y tY Xtv Sxp ~p t{ rp. Wl RlK ayYxp r{~p Rpnvf l{vl R|l vGfvY ~p bpnxYxp rJzYp RrY}Yx n~f pwyK x{ r{p xp cp vYp R{lY~y{Yf zY v n {yx.

RrY}Yx

rJzYp rY}x cpr RrY}Y cp vYp {M} 1987 ~fv R~p rplx ~pG ~uYx {|xp Yfxl Yyx. 72  vYp xGpK xn yxY {p Rly n| rrl ~Ktpoxp M] RlK Rll. X[ ~fp rgx {pp rv{ yf; r~~Yyj ~vnx  ~vx xppx. {x~[l vYp[ ~xf rjp Ur cpr RrY}Y{ yvl ~y rzp x. Rz~Y rplx RjhYy{xY {p 44  rzp[ RK RxllK ~q rvjY rJzYp v{yj rayY Ryvnzp hzM 150,000 Y {xYf v NaYxp[  R{opxf zY  J.
vYY rY}x cpr RrY}x {p 47  tyY Xtv 2005 {M}x ~f Szpx~ rplx ~pG ~uYxY {x. Ypxp cY rxYf { Urp Xtv exY {|xp Y[ rn|x Mxf rl x. X[ Ur cpr ~[x {px hz{xM rplx RlK tz ~pG ~uY 65  c hp x. tY Xtv[ ~fp rgx Rrf |{~ Y  {p~Y XN Rrf r{p xppx.

anp

bpn Uj~v {vl ~v[ cp vYp vYY RrY}Yxf rn[zY{ ry Wzz v n {  Rl. xGpK xnoxf Wy{ Un]}jx Yyp RvYN tKt rryK [jp{Y ~ Y z RxM~  tY Xtv Rly ~KtpoxY R t{f vYp [p [fv anp Yyx. Wvpv Xtv cprx lyY{Y {{l RvYN cpr rnx nyppf  RlK ~l rn[zxY p{p t{f n lv anp Yyx.
K Rly tY Xtv r{~pp cp vYp cpr {{l Wx {lvp cpr cMF hJzN t}[ lp{ oy YzxY t{f r{Mlpx {p t{x. p cpl{f R{| ~t {p~Y t{l lv Wv {p~ UYyp t{l r{~p Xtvf lyj r~ Rly { cprxl{xY Rl.

Rp{

p{lv {Ml rp{ np Rpnvf tY Xtv cx [pp t{f r  R Rp{ ~Z{ n |zx. Rp{ r{~ppp Rly rv lp zx xll R{nxpv p~fhv~f x. Spy [p ]lpx, przxp[ p[ ~v, GzM Rp [p vpv RvYN zY {q vo~mpxf ryv r{ ~l {M} 1558  rY|l p~fhv~[ Rp{ [pmx ~qp{ R t{ r{~.
RvYN ~l~xp Rxlpx ryj zZp rtq xc RoY} vaMx Sxp phz r{~p Rpnvf 1559  r Yyp zn p~fhv~[ ~N{ [pmx Rp{ 20 Y rvj Rll x. Sp WY Rp{xY ~qp {pp tY Xtv [p x xl x.
Wv Rp{x Y{p Rpnvf v Rycx Slz xx. {p Rlp vl{p Y rn[zxYf tzx zJ. Wxp ~ RMxxp Rlrxf rl N.
K Rly r~[x ~x{~ YpxN r { Rp[l {Yl cp{ f{z r{~ Rp{xY n Xtv  ~Ktpo t{ r{~.
WY~l cprnx YyYK Yyppf rfp [pp x[xY  Ypxp rlxY[ r[pp~ lp A yff p|xY ~{p t{l nyj {~[l f [pp t{l A Rp{xp r{~.
c}x  Rp{ Yy { R{opxY xv{p Spx{p n Rp{ [jp{Y r  Rl. Spx c}exp r{~pp n tY Xtv cpr{yjx cx [pp t{. Y~ {ll vKtx  c}e yF YvM }Mv r{~p Rpnvf 2010 Rrz 5 vx 16 Rly Yzx l Xtvf vyY Rrz x Rl.
SYl t~rp {p f zxp 16 Yf RY bpnxY r~Y ~{x vprx rYf R{~p{ j. X{p Rlp tlyx Xtvf bpnx r Yf Rl. n|rzp ayYxp[ Rp{ Rp{ n Sxp ~pp tY Xtv x.

Ryvnz ~ v

~vpxp WY~l cprn v{yj S~x n~ tzK  ~{x rayY Yfxl ~q {v vnz ~KuyxY ~Yy[l lpll cx[Yx K pwy{Y r{. 1970 p r~ r{ ~v cpr{yjxY v r R{~p ~ rx l xnK v ~q rop RrY}Yxp nnpfv ~v vGfp vnz  Rl. Wl v{y Ryvnz ~ vp Xtv Sxf rj ~.
hyz Ryvnz ~ vf rY}r Y Xtv {Ml[l vnz ~KuyxY ~ Yy[ppf ~vl x. SYl XYltM 15 { {p f Xtv ~p ~ Yy[l Ryvnz rvjx hzM zxp 660 Y x.
XYltM vn {p f hzM zxp 292 Y xnK Yf ~ cp vYpf S ~ rx  xnK v ~q S{ R vnz hzM zxp 25 . Xtv Rl  vnz hzM zxp 66 .

rayY pK

SYl ~x  Y|x Yyj tY Xtv[ yr{ rayY pv n t np[ R{opxf  Yltf zYx.
hzM zxp 5 Y xnKYf lpp zn vv {pl rayY pvf p 30 Y {p lrfx. RvYp cpl{ nl{p rp Rpnvl, Xtv cpr { f {p~Y R Yyp RYyxp Y{p llYM}x rayY pK Ympx vvpv Xtv[ p ~x.
yr{ pzY 7 p WY{y rayx Yyp zn vv pv RvYN cprx J~tz {h~fpYf ryl{ nM|px x. 1992 p r~ cpr RrY}YxY {p{p ~Y~j |zlv  z RYv rayY pv vxx.

Rux[

v{y RvYp cpr{yjxf ly[ Yyp RrY}Yxpf tp zYv Rux[x Yh {fp r{p RvYp RMYx |Yvl vx. RMY RMtnxf WY WY RrY}Yxp np ~v bpnx  yjlvY ~oYx. RMY rrlx ~Ktpoxp [l Yz Xtvf ztp rayx xrl x. Wl rJzYp rY}Yxp r{~pp Xtv t RxYyp cpl{f rh{f rl YyppY t{x.
WY~l cprn bpnxYxYpf tzrp {pl {n[l r|p Rly ~Zx r~YK  yY}j R{yjx pv v SyY xnox Rx n {x.
n| Yfxl ~Ktpoxp lv ~l RlK cp vYYpf {~x. Wl t} rzpx p zhp Rzz [ppf R~vl v cp vYp[ M{zl{ rp{p t{f Xtv anp Yyx.

{c Nnp  }l x

v{yj px  {p f R~l ray  }l x {{ppf n rfp [p Rl. RvYp n|rzpx  WY rY}xY Urry{G RpY rY}x ~p S{~ ny[l xlx. vpn Wyf u}jx n~ Urvxp r{.
{Mx RjhN v{ ~v[ Yl{p WYly yYmp r{hxp v~ r{~. ~x rJzYp RoyYy{p  rJzYp RrY}Yxf Roy Yyp ~{p bpnxYxp p{KtM 4 { bpnx x xl x. vYY rY}Yxp bpnx x xll p{KtM 5 { x. vx cpl{ v K pv.
zhzrx  yYmp NnpxY v~ ~qp x.
ym{p [z K [~l p[{ Rx ~ RlRh[{f [K {ypl r{p Rx bpn r  RlRh[{f [p zJ.
v{ vY pK v[p tzryll {pp ~ly p[l r~ v vx. vpn X{p[ Royx ztpp tyY Xtvf x.
Xtv[ RoyYy{p v{yj pxf Yzp bpnx v ~q Upp Yyvf vYY rayY {ryx Yfxl Yyp Rly r{p bpnx Yy |{~x ltp rJzYp Yq{y Ul~ Yypp bpn xYxp p{KtM 4 { bpn rf [p{ [vf x.
Y~ {ll K ~x Rll RvYp v{yj S~x l R{p {p~ zYxv Rp[lxf tzrp pRpvp x.
y cxpl
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