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}j, {a, th[ rn{zf tM YH Yh!
v{yj cx[jx lyKr R~x zpDx

r~[x ~ rx v ]}{Y{ r{ Uly vn  ~ty[v rl ~u bpnx p v  J. bpnx v{{l A ~Ktpo{ {p ]}{ pK l{v Rh  pvl. cx[ WY~l cpl n~ ~popx lv cx[jx UyK zz{p {Mjp Yyn Wcrx  cr n K v{yjx rtq lv lvp[ Syjv [p [ Srl Yyp ~. pvl Wv xK rtq l{yfl [p [fv Yl Yyp Yzx p~ v Rr Ryvj pN. vv v{yj x{zx l ~tpv ~{x YvYn  A rfr~ R n|rzpx rtq Yl v K ~fp l Rr Ryvjx.
vzY{v [l f ~ty[v{  Uly vn rl ~u v{yjx  56%Y bpn r|lxY ~l{ rzY n~ ~popx zt cx ~vypf v ~vxYv  tjl Rrf pK W A  RyvxY prpx. A Yyj Yyj rxY ~{. Rjh{ K v{yjx Yq{p vl {p f rN {p xnv rtq tyrl r|pxY yG Mvjx  tjl Wx K nrl cpl{f pK tz pr lyKx. vv rn|{z RMY x{zx rnpK{ R ,l, ytM ~ Yy u[{z z rKK { v y RrY}u[l{x {p{f ~t{ fY rtq tzryll K nrl ~|x tly cpl{ l R  tj ~pnMuxY th[pp vypp xp{ x xp rY}x ~fp rgx Uly vn  ~ty[v{ { tly [x rn|{zf {z[ p{j lyKx. RpY Rlf Rjh tzx t{p v{yjxf xv l RMY {~xY ~popxf lpv  { Rly yc xpljx yc vo x [p cpvlxf ~p tzrvY K ShYhY n X{pf . A ~v[p RjhN rop {rx {p xnox n Wz...T. ~ly tzv p Sxfv [vp Yyp r{l. K ~xzz Rp{ {hl lMY{ tzp f v{yjx  R{~p cx[Yx vf {h Sh YhY t tzvfv Mvjx  tj WY~l cpl n~ ~popxf x.
WY~l cpl n~ ~popx cx[jxY rtq Wz~ Yzx vzY |axYf rvf  {{l X{p r~[x ~ly {  zt RpnK cx[jxY rtq pK ~{Y RrY} pY lyKx. 60%Yf {h bpnx rD vY ~ { vv v{yjx  rl nYf Rxl v{yj YGg~ 27v cx[vf n~ ~popx ~vl { Rly, |}xp ~KrxY{ Wcrxf {h { {~xY R ~ty[vN R~p rxY r{ |z { bpn ryly{zp cx [vf ~popx ~vl x. ycx ~{Yxp Rll lrz bpn v~K  n ~YY lMv cx ~popxf { t Rly, { {fr Szzp Ry[z Yyp ycx ~{Yxp tlyxY[ |{~x n X{pf z . ~popx xfl r{ rl ~u rrzpx l K nrl cp lx S pvf Yr rpp {h Yf~Y r~[x Yz ry~x Sf vf Rr~l{ R ~pnMuxY }j, {a rtq anp fr v Rv{yp nnpf Wy{ ~K [jp Wzz  t vlY zt K S cx[jxf tzr ropv l{ z~ Rr npx xnox ~ cpr vpn ycrY} xp ~oY x. cY vGfK v{yjxY p{jl K v{yjx  Rjh{ pv vYG Y xnoxx. K nrl l ~ Yyp zn ~{Mopx rtq Yl vpv bpnx cx[l p t{ R{toxY ~pop v{yj vxK vjhzxf tj Rly, zpDx X{p[ lyKr R~x x. zpDx Rzz [vf R y yly{v vo X~~ Urr nY{p cp vp~ ~v[ Rjh{ h{Y ly { Rly, KcM cpyz cpY rMy[ Srl vl ~v[ ry vp Rz Y [~vY rtq Rn~Y ~vc[l Y p lll{xY l Wx X{pf ~p rszxY x. W~v v{yjx R{~p u[x  vpn ycrY} cpr{yx v{yj NY{f [hv ~popxf |z |YxY { Rly, cpl{[ n[~v  Yf[~v rtq vp R{toxY R uY lzx n|rzpexY {p Xf cpl{f Rvpljx Y xl RYyx rtq ~{Y[p{l x}p R{| px. [KvY R YYxp {p{f [x xp Y [p YlYyxp tz ~pop NY{z cpr{yx[ WYv Rvl [KvY WY Y Rly, Wx ~pop rY}Yxp[ vp~Y oMxx {h {ppYv x. ~pop NY{f [h { cpr{yx cpl{[p Szz ~ roplv Yyjx {x rl ~u v{yjx l~l{nx rynv ~Ktpo{ cpvl ayjxY Yy [pp z~x. ~z tlyxY {~p K nrl l  Tf R |z cpl RpvxY z J.
WY~l cpl n~ ~popx  Yy[l K cx[jx rtq X{pf {hl ~lf x  l{l Yyj{Y {px cr ~x[x pv{ X{p K cx zt t. r~[x Yzx r{ rop v{yj rxYv (2004 v v{yjx, 2005 cpr{yjx {) cr  ~pop [l{p ly[xf tf ~popx v{y YzYf r~{ rop vGfK v{yjxY cr ~x pv{ ly[ Yx. vlrp tzp f Wx R{pK ~[l yjxY t{ rpjl A Rux[x ~MmY{ cx [vf ~popx v{y ~vl{ Rl. cr ~x pv{ n K nrlp rz tly vp oy ~Z{Y p [vf X{p ~vl  R Rly, A ~ 2004 vp cr Y{z vYf xfK R{|l{Y p vl{pp pl.
R{~p [x rylxp {{l Wcrx lMY Yypx lvp K bpnx  ~zx xl cxY zt t{x. |}xp r~[x rl ~u v{yjxf {h lvp K v{yjx Uly vp  ~ty[v{p { bpn ~Z{Y, ryf {h { vp oy ~Z{Y zt R t{ v Wcrx lMYx  J. t tzvf W ~xK ~ll{Y r{. pvl K nrl rzp tzx p [pvf tzryll { rY}xY z~f vv v{yj rszx Wcrxf ~~lv ~lf x p t{ Rr rn[zY |{~xx. v{yjx rayY x{zx Rywp f ~popxf {h rx{y [jp{Y r~r~p ~ Wcrx v{yj px R~pp {p f ~popxf ~p ~fpY zt np vGvYf rj t.
vv zxKYy v{yjx ~Ktpoxp Wcr rtzxY[p v~ f X r{~ ~x Uly vn Y~{ll ~ty[vN lv cx[jx pK 100%Y v t{x. R[~l 20 rvj {p f Wcrx |{~x A lyK   . pvl S bpn r|lxY ul {j v{yjxY (~vpxp bpnxYxp {hl Upp{p { {|xp bpnx ul Yyp{ pK rY}xf { {~xY Rlx r[p.) r{ Wcrxf ~popx Rut{zvf p v pK rz r|pMmxYvx.
bpn [jp K x{zx }j ~{j t{ xp K rycx {~ [vf Wcrx  Ul~xY yl{ ~xl, Tf {h {p~ Yyj Yyj [jp{Y Wcrx vv rycx Yy tzr t{ Rr |{~xx. bpn rayY {ryx l  Wcr YYxp vv v{yjx Rjh{ [ny xK rv { vyx z~f p{ t Rly, [x rn| tz K nrl cpl{ Wx Yz~ lyK [ll x [f ~[lx. |}xpv Rjh{ [ny x{ pf ~MmY{ ~ Yy[p xp xnox p{l [K ~ U{vp{Y cpl{f pv {frf{Y Wcr YYxp[ rY| R{~px X{pfv ry{zzYv { t{ Rr `vx. bpn v}vY z~ t npY p{p W~.. ~pxY[ bpn v}vf xYyvf R{| xly K v{yjx  p  tj Rly, Xf uy  t ~ty[v rlp n Wcrx |z rycxY RlYy [llx. r~[x cpr{yjx  Wcrx cx[l  Wcrxf ~KrxY{ {~xY ~l Y[zz  ylprM R~p v Wcrxf R { Rly cpr{yjxp {~y lpYf  v v{yjx r{l{ {~y lyYf r~{ W~ ~v rtq Wcrx NY vp~p xl{ Yzrp Yy tzx xlx. ~ty[v{  Uly vn rl ~u v{yjx {p{p Wcrx lv ~x |Yp xn{ rtz ~oplvY v{yj rayY {ryxY xl Yf tjl Yp K [Krl{zf [x t npYf lvp r Yyjx RvlY  . v{yj Yfxl{z yl v {p{f X{p Rz tzvf  {pnpN xvf rvZl{  tj t{ rycxp Rply{ Rr ~v[ Yl Y Wcr vp{yxY r{~x. ~Y{v Rjh tzx ~l{ r{l{p v{yjxY Rjh{f xj ~fpY zt vf pK ~v YpYfv A {p{p WY ~vp Upp{Y x xlx.
ry v{yj{zf ~rY}{ tzp Y rY} pxY{yx[ xYl{x K v{yjx  ~p vGfvYf t Rly, [K xK[K{z ~ayx Yyp ~rY}{ ryf {h { cpz ~Z{Y Rvlp Rjh{f Wy vl{nxY [hp[vf X  Ul~xY [pp t{Y rpppf t. Uly vnf  ~ty[v{f RpxY v Rv RrY}Yxp nnpY Wcrxf Srl v rtq{ ~pop YYxp rGf [{l K RrY}Yxp nnp ly[xf pr~ pK Wcrx cv vlyK{l Jypp p {[ pK ~rzx.
xY n|rzpxf rvf ry lvp[ Y}l{z {lx vGfvf r ~ v{p nnp cpl{f Rl { Rly, W{ Rl vjYf rjl n|rzpexp r{ Rt{ zx  t{ K v{yjx l  x {l{Y ~pm x. rclpl{ Yvx l R R|aMxx Wx x. rf rl{zp r Wcr v Rv RrY}Yxp nnpf ~pop v Rv RrY}Yxp nnpf {h vpr zt v Wcr rY}Yxpf Rx ycYxY {{l ~pop v Rv RrY}Yxp nnpf W{ S vGfK ~x[xY ~pop RoyYy{p {p pzv X{p p{l vl ~p lyK [l xlvx. ~ xY n|rzp S~xY ~l KcM cpyz cpY rMyf Wcr bpnxYxp 80%Yf { r~Y[ ~x[x { R r~yxY {~y ~rYf { n|rzp S~xY ~l tM rvzzf Rpyory ~pop bpnxYxp[ vpr p [vf   Rll 50%Yf R~pp [jpY rv. vv v{yjx  cY R{|l, rn|x R{|l R|ax Y t{ rpvf Wx qv Uyjx.
cpY rMy  ypcp yvpxY pv{ K rl ~u{z fr rY} pxY{yp {p hJ.A. RJ~{  A.A. Fl[{ v Rv RrY}Yxp z~ Wcrx pK Y pK Rl{p Syjv rtq R{toxY zt [vf X{p nnpv v{yjx  zt [l vpr bpn ~Z{ n~ tzvv rvj{lx. Wcrx v{yjx rycxf rl {{l lvpf Slvl R{~xY ~YY nYY ~q q ~oxY{yp nnpY zv rtq{ [Yzp{ tzp f X{pf ~lf x x.
vp Fylp, ap~ ~xRyD, hJzN. . AYpxY { Wcrxp  [x vp{yp[ tzrv rtq lY~y{Yf rvf n rl ~u v{yjx  R{~m{Y ztj Rly, X{p[  xv, rY}xf WlyK xY [p  p t{ W r [x YyjxY x. WY~l cY rY} rclpl{ Yjhxv n~ ~popx xfl K v{yjxf Srl Yf ~ ~xv RrY}Yxp rycxf rl vp Wx {hl p rz {x.
vv rl ~u v{yjx nyjlv rylx Y{ypn x R~{l t npY Tf rly z~ zt npp cr t{ ~rzx. 2000 {~yp r~ r{ v{yj rxYv Sxf R crf K v{yjx  bpn v~v r{ ~YY lypv p [vf  {x bpn l~ rpn~ [jp. |}xp ~ty[v rl yx[z, yY{p, xxplf, [z, v{pzz Rl R~p rxYv cr ~N{ ~mpxf rl {j Rly, rzvhzz  Wx r~{ ~mpx lY rzzK t~ t.
2004 {~M rl ~u v{yjx  ~popx  WY{ ly[ Y R{~mN crf K nrlp vpoy 18Y rvj  { Rly, v{y X{pf z Rll vpoy lpY rv. l{ v{yjxf Srl {p lll{xY vp oy 18Y crp tzryll v xmMm{ p{p vl vpoy lpYf {h pK X{p Uly vp  ~ty[v{p tzryll { t{ pK ~Yx. crf v{ SyjvY Rl{x Rx?
lvp[ ~x ~op |Yx v{yjxf xn{p zn lll{xY ztj K rszx rtq{ X{p tyrl ~{nxY ly v {n[lx. cr K Rn {vf tzr rop l{ z~ t tzvf Bpv YpYf rppx vlY rY} Ruplyx R {j tKx. rop rY}{zf ~rY}{ S ~ay yv{Y ~{x pxY r{l{[p [x cr rtq{ vlY {plyv ~vcx r{x S r[v.
Xx Y{y r~~ Yxl cr Yzz r~~ pfpp p. xp |{~xY ~vcx r{l. pvl r~nx WpY[ y WpY  [pp lll{xYf [x r~ Sl  |{~x cpl{[p Rl{ [xx. vvl crf { {|xp bpnx pp ~xK n}{ YvY nM|pxY ~l{ Wxf WY { Rp[Yxp p{ vv ~ay{l rY}x Yy Rnyxp Yfxl Y rn[zxpx. crf rv Y K rn[zxp WY WY |l R{~m{ vl rnpK{ p yj [ppp rvjY v {p Rly, crp lvpf R{| Rnyx pztp Yz {pl rv{pxY ~x xv X{p[ rynnx. X{p K vl W~ ~x [p Rll WY~l cpl n~ ~popxx. cr W U~ p R{oyjx Y vl ux Axl{ {p{p Rn X{pf {h r ~K Yypp A rtq Yl Yypp vpn ycrY} Rjh{x. W{ lll{xY l crf Rnyx Y rn[zxpf ~popxf bpnx v WlyKv r|pxY pN.
vv v{yjx lvpf R { K y{ p [v Yy cr R{px xv v {n[l {p Rly, A {p{p Urx Urvy lvf lyK q R{toxY Rpy ~pxY zzYpl  l yl { n|rzpexpf J. {Yf {v vxf zuxY xp p ry v cr [y Yf [v {n[lx. Rlx  cr lyj ryry Rly R~{nxY R Y RYM}x n|rzp {ryxY {{l Rn {p f cr Yy lyjxp RYM}jx {pp Sl Rh {|x. t npY |{nzxp rflf rvl ~v[ cr n|rzpxf l ltp Rly, Wx tyrl Yyj{Yvx. Rpyory ~YYx r{ cr v{yj rayY z rxYv Rrf Y [vf ztj lyjxp {p{f Yjhx r~j, th Sxf py 70, 80 n|Yx lyjxp{ { Rly plp lyjx ~u[l{x A{  rz{v Sl R{v vGfvY r{.
Uly vn   ~ty[vN cr zn rycx v[ ~vcx lyY ~vp Y rz[~Y Yyxf p[ vf {vYfx. RjhN rY|Yxp  crf Wy{ Rn~ ~vc[l Yyppp tlyxY r{ rpvf Ul~ Yypx K rycx ~p cr Urv ~v{ ~zYj Yy R t{x. pvl nyj yc vMnp nYYf vj  p[ ~ cr v{yj rycxp Rn {G xx ~{Y ~lp{ pK Wx {. nl{, R~px, }vl{ K ~vc Yvx l r{p lY cr { rY}xYf K yf l SzvY J. A Szv [fv yq{ [vf R{| {pp {y{ Urx UrYv lv rv. Wtp Sx r{l{p v{yjxY xK z~p crf f {h { tzxY zt [ll A rtq{ Rr WlyK rv x xl n pl.
ry t R{~m{z vp K rl ~u v{yjxl n|rzpx x{ z~ Yyp r{z rxYv ~vYxp rl ~u xlxp z~ rl{ R Rly, rajhl{xp n K v{yjx Rh{Y px. K rl ~u v{yjxf R{ zu Rzu [jv ~Y~K A }oplvY Yyj rtq{ n Yzrp Yy tzx xlx.
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