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tpf r [zzp [p xp zY{ Sry ~zzr

pf r{p ~Kvlx Rp{ [zzp{z zx R zr{zf tx RY}y zr z~ xp zJ. Wv RY}y (RYy) n tx R}y z~ n{lp ~p ~zYp ztx. vl x[x ~zzr xvf RYy p [l SpxN YKvzYy{Y { rp~~ pvll R|Y[ Y~xY RYy x{ vv RYy R|}y z~ pK Yyp z. SpxN R|Y zr zvf ry zY{ zr zx Rl. Wv zr zx RY}y R|Y R}y x pY. R|Y . r. 230  rvj {l { Rx. Wxf ry [lv typ z{ r x. ~Kvl  R Yvxf vx . r. 543, 580 z~ ~zYp ztx. nw{ v[o n|xf Rxl v ~Kvl yc ryrM 85 {p yc z~ Y{pp ~nonp yclv x. vv yc[ rlx { ~l Yvy Rorpx v ~q l}zN ~rvY Rylv xfl |zrx y t{ S~[l r{l. l}z |{nzx UrYzr {x ~rvY Rylv x. ~l Yvy l}z |{nzx U[pv ztp R{x Wv |{nzx o { RY}y ~l ~ () 64 Y tj t{ ~qp N. Wv RY}y ~ 64 v~ x. tx RY}y, Zy} RY}y, r}Yyxx RY}y, R[zr; (zr xp RY}y{zp zx A{ x. Wv ~ v RY}y xp {apx pv{ zr z~ ul  Rl. Yx tp RYyxfv v Srl YM) {[ zr, v[o zr, v[z zr, R[zx zr, |Y zr, t|v{z zr, ry} zr, h zr, ylzr, }j zr, U[zr, ~Z zr, Rpzv zr, R{vMo zr, nynzr, Z} zr, p zr, p zr, jzr, n{zr, p[ zr, x} zr, [poM{ zr, ppy zr, vy[ zr, R~y zr, [yh zr, v[ aY zr, {x~yl zr, tvn{ zr, Rpl} n{ zr, UllYyr zr, Rry[h zr, Ul}r zr, }r zr, }r zr, r}r zr, ~[y zr, {c zr, zZrzZ zr, Rpl zr, |~l{Ml zr, [jpvMl zr, Ul}r{Ml zr, }r{Ml zr, rnzZY zr, {yllyrn ~zr, x{n|llyrn ~ zr; voy zr, ~M{yl ~[ zr, npzvK|l zr, V} lr~lclyhvp oM r} zr; [[j r} zr, ~M{}}p zr; ~M{~y ~[ zr; ~M{ ulyl [ zr: R~u Urnx zr; al}~} zr;
~l Yvy |zr y Yzx ~ 64 Y tj t{ ~qp x. Wv ~ 64 Rr vz~ r [~{ zx Rl. v ~qp n{ zr, p[ zr, x} zr, R~y zr, [poM{ zr, UllyYynr zr, [[j r} zr rtq{ Rr |} R{opx xv Y xl x.
Rr p {l{p vv Q zY{ ry zY{ z~f n Wxfl ry Rl Rlx nrx z~fn; Wxfl ry x[xY  R~y Rycx z~f n r{ ~vx ocr; {yr, vjhr, zYnr z~ n p{ Rl. Yzxp Yzxf zx R zr o pv N. ~l Yvy n vv u} 64 Y ~l ~x S[p [p Rl. v[o n|x v[o zr ul { Rly UlyYy {xp Uly Yy u}{ ul Yy Rl. K Rly p[ zr, xY} zr, n{ zr, [poM{ zr ul Yy Rll zY{x. xY}, p[, n{, [poM{ xp ~N {M[x {l{ ~x v x. xY}x ul Yy R zr xY} zr N. p[x ul Y zr p[ zr N. nx ul Y zr n{ zr N. [poM{x ul Y RY}y zr Wppv p{ Rl. tvjx zx zr tvj zr { Rly v RY}yx yrx WY  ~vpx. Rr tvjxY ~p [lv typf rc Y [z rM{lxY R zrxY x{ tzv.
(~lz rN{ R~z nYpny{ r zrx)
tvj|Yf xp tvj ~~Y[ xpp x.
nxY ~p Yy{ [zzp yxY zx R zrxY X n{ z~ ~qp Yy Rl.
xY}x zx zr xY} zrx. vv zr n~ n~ [jpY vyf J. A Rly {v vyclv xY}xp[ pxYx x. v[ rlx 91 np[p r npY zx zr v~ x.
typ vx[pxf rj oMv n|p Y v{pf x. Wv tj R~vf ~vp n{x n r t{ v{|x xx.
~lrlsz rl{ ~z ~vpYfY
v ~vp npn rcx x rx
(1 r: 33 [m)
vv ~vp nxp[ vyclv p[ [Yx. X pp rl x. ~vj vv p[ rl yclv[ ujh[Y x.
K Rp{ xY}, p[, n{, zr p [vf r{p.
[lv typ vyff r Yzx  Up{p~[ Ulrlxf ry y{j yclv vyf {l  Rl. Wlv ~ Wlv[ r{z Unx ~]xf zp rc Yy Rl. WYz vv Rycx R~y Rycx z~ pK  tj ~ Wn{~ zx zr R~y zrx. ~y - R~y xnox rtq t lyly Rl. Wv xnox lyY vy R~yx { }j; Yy { zr }j[ v[{ { {Yjgx Rn p n YY Y.
vv ~z zrx . rM{ x[x zx R Rly vv zrx . {. 1891  S[~p ~p zYxfv rY| Yy Rl. W v~ ~np x.
Parumaka-palikada-Puta-Parumaka-Maha-Harumasa-lene-Catudisa-Sagasa (Ez.i.pp.10 ft No. 9 at Ascar, 1909 P.5.f.n; I.C. Vol.I.P.06. No.81)
ryvY - rzYn- rl, ryvY - v - yv~ zp - al~ |[| (~z |z zZp ~[x. 2000 vjx 51 rf RY 81 zrx)
v ~qp {p rzYn ~ yv~ rx ~ rlx x. rx rzYn x. X }j x. yvY xp |Mvp x. rzYnyv~ xp }j |Mvp x. }j xp plp {np ryj  {np rzYn x. X ~fp Y lyY R~yx ~v[x. vv nnpv ~x {~~[xx {l {Yjgx x. lyY zx zrx n v~ YY Y.
Gana C[o]daka Dataha lene Sagasa (I.C. No. 86)
[j - anY-nl-zj- |[|
(~.|,~, RY 86.58 rf)
S[~p Srl Y vv zrx RYy {yx. vx [zzp Rll v~ x.
l j a h Y n l  z j | [ |
({~~[x)
lj /ahY/ nl/ zj/ |[|/ lj xp lj  v{yx x. ahY xp lhYx. nl xp nll[ xp Rn~x. vv np Yy { [zzp vxx. v Y|r typ {h~x [z zpY n Rl. vv RY}y R~y RY}yx. yrx WYx. k n WYx. {M[x rvjY R~y /p[/n{/xY}/ [poM{ N. Rn p n Rr ul Yyp RY}y n W~vx. pvl {M[x {p~x. y, tl[v ~z[v, R {|xp Rn ~v W n Yz unx ~ ~zYN {M[ Jnxx. WY Yf~Y p[ z~ n l{ Yf~Y xY} z~f n l{l Yf~Y n{ z~f n ~zY. v{|x zvf ry zY{ tj ryv Y  Rf{ z~ ~zYp zt. A Rly rv lp ~GgYl v {|x t{ plp rz v {|x n ~qp  Rl.  u}{p tj  Rf{ rzxf p[ t{ zY rYf Yyj. plp rzxf RY}yxY (RdyY) pl. vv rzx zxpp Rrv plp ~z RYp x. Wv ~ rz x u}{Y pl. vv u}{f tp n{~ x Rll v[ xppx. Wxf yrxY J. Wv RY}y{zp zx zr SpxN Rl. W rz |Jnx J. zYN ~zzr{z rz |JnxY pl.
UyjxY. typf r [zzpY
1. [r - rl-|-rlp-tYp-zj-[lv pv|vj-Yyrl.
(RKry ~YYx ]{r R~z YHhx)
 {np{zp typf [lv z~ zx Rl. vv RYy lp, rz{z  [lv z~ zxpp Rrv plp ~z RYy{zp x. vxf rz RY}y yrxY pl. {p~Yf  Rll S~rzzY (Y zYj) v rv. [lv xp ~~Yl {np. vx zvf ~~Yl RY}y J.  t~p {~v yclvf {|vj z~ zx Rl. {~v yclv[ rlxY[ xxY [zzpY Yy{ typf rc Yy Rl. Wv zrx v~ x.
(yNrlp ~plpYpn, ty{[v zrx)
ryvY- |lp|l-l - ryvY - l-ox - ryvY - r|~ - zj - Rrl zYnlx - (zYnl xp typ x.)
p zY  z~f x. zY  xp n typf xp WY pvx. {xv yclv xY}xp[ pxYx xx Rf{{z YN. A Rp{ xY} yclv[ x { r~~ Yvx zx vv u} |Jnx xY} zr xx { Y. K Rp{ zYN [zzp{z zx R ry zr xY} zr / p[ zr/ n{ zr xx { Y. vv zr zxp ~x ~l Yvy n lY}z |{nzx  U[p[p Rl. typ vx[px  oMv n|p Yy Rll  u}{p x. K rtq{ M] ~ly xY} [Yx ~p zxp zn rfYx ~qp x. typ xY} [Y pxYxY { [u ~prlvf }YKu ~lx n|p Y t{ W ~qp x.
~y - R~y xnoxf ~Ktpo WY [{p ym xyY [zzp yxY Yy{ v ~]xf rc Yy Rl. Wv zrx v~x. Wv zrx ~z RYp ryvY - |y - rl - ryvY - vj - lY- zj - |[| |y xp |y yclvx. vj xp [{p ymxx. lY xp xyx.  u}N x[z rn Rly [vp vp xp x[z rnx p Rr x. [vp xpp BplyK ~xl vp xpp pl. vp xp Up xvx. Up xp {p [{p ymxx. vp{y ypY{ Yfvj[z [z zpY Yf{ R R 13 1/2 [ vv zrx ~y R~y xnox ~ { p{z zxp znn. A Rp{ vv zrx zx {~y 12,000 Y (~ Y) rvj YzxY xx { Y.
plp U[lp xp tx RY}y  R|Y RY}y{zp zx zr zYN vf pl. yv - y{j xnox ~ {~y 8000 Y rvj N. Wn{~ zx zr ~x [jpY vyf Rl. Wv zr{zp pf rY|xf rl  Rll y{j yclv[ xxY {p |z Yvx Yy{ WY zrxY rv. Wv zrx n S[~ r{Mlpx  RYy {yn{ x{ Rl.
ryvY - y{j -  - |z - zj- |[|,
(cxylp xv)
ryvY - {o - | - zj |[|
(ryjlp xv)
~zzr x{p RYy x S[p[l RxYf vv zrx {y{ xx Y. vyff r Spx Yz[ ~ uY}{Y { tno[} xp ~p y{j xp l{Yx x Rf{ {z R lyly S{l v ~ plp U[lp n y{j xp l{Y xx x. Wx W~ {{ n y{j yclv[ ryryf Rxl ~zzr ~x [jpY vyf Rl. Wv zr n rY|xf rl  Rll Wv rl x{ Unx zYN pv v ~ vv lyly l{vl RrYf{ r{. K rtq{ M] ~ly Rr ~p zxp zn [pm 28 Y  Y tz [vf r{p.
vv zrx ~qp lyly l{y Y  l{l ~oY Xt ~l{ r{ pK A ~q ShY {p vf Rr ~pKx.
XJ zrx zYN
ry ~z zr
y S ~[x 742 vyp ry, Yw 10 xp zrpxf W{pp
ryn [N}Y
cxylp ryRyD
bxyr
~p t~pxY